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LED芯片的封装技术
作者:炫蓝光科技  |  时间:09-11
  LED芯片只是一块很小的固体,它的两个电极要在显微镜下才能看见,加入电流后它才会发光,在制作工艺上除了要对LED芯片的两个电极进行焊接。从而引出正负电极之外。同时还要对LED芯片和两个电极进行保护,因此这就需要对LED芯片封装。        
      如:常见直径5mm的圆柱型引脚式封装LED. 这种技术就是将LED芯片粘结在引线架上(一般称为支架)。芯片的正极用金丝键合连到另一引线架上,负极用银浆粘结在支架反射杯内或用金丝和反射杯引脚相连,然后顶部用环氧树脂包封。做成直径为5mm的圆形外形。        
      这种封装技术的作用是保护芯片,焊线金丝不受外界侵蚀。固化后的环氧树脂,可以形成不同形状而起到透镜的功能。选用透明的环氧树脂作为过渡。可以提高芯片 的出光效率。环氧树脂构成的管壳具有很好的耐湿性,绝缘性和高机械强度,对芯片发出的光的折射率和透光率都很高。       
      但对于大功率LED而言,在通电后会产生较大的热量。并且如果用于封装的环氧和金丝的膨胀系数不一样,那么膨胀时就会使金丝拉断或造成焊点接触电阻较大,从而影响了发光器件的质量。特别应注意的是,封装胶会因温度过高而出现胶体变黄,因此降低了透光度并影响光的输出。      
      所以我们更应该考虑到LED的长久使用效果。从而应该用有机硅胶材料来封装。如:MOMENTIVE中的XE14—B3445, XE14—B5778 型硅胶就有良好的透光率。不会随时间而恶化,热膨胀系数非常好,在紫外线照射下稳定性很理想。       
      这里要注意的问题是,LED使用散热问题。目前散热也是选用铝或铜为散热器,但要特别注意热沉与散热器之间的粘接材料一般应采用导热胶。如果是两个物体的表面接触。中间会有空气,而且空气的导热系数很差。所以在界面之间应有一层导热胶来让它们紧密接触。这样导热效果才会好。如GE的TSE-3081或MOMENTIVE品牌中的硅脂等都有很好的散热紧密连接的作用.
本文出自第一LED论坛,原文地址:http://bbs.ledwn.com/thread-15082-1-1.html
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LED芯片
封装技术
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